Highlights |UPSC Exam Current Affairs 01-01-2020
UPSC exam current affairs 01-01-2020 The following article contains all the updated events and news for IAS Preparation. Our daily IAS Current Affairs and News cover the most important topics to give precise information to the reader and IAS Aspirants.
- Swachh Sarvekshan League 2020: National Cleanliness Rankings Part of:
- Bhima-Koregaon battle of 1818: 202nd Anniversary
- Chandrayaan-3: Launch this year
- Department of Military Affairs (DMA): Created in the Defence Ministry,
- National Population Register(NPR): Trial form gets governments approval
- POLITY
- INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
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UPSC Exam Current Affairs and News Analysis (01-01-2020
Swachh Sarvekshan League 2020: National Cleanliness Rankings Part of:
GS Prelims and GS-II- Health and Sanitation
In News
- Jamshedpur and Indore have developed as the cleanest urban communities with a populace upto 10 lakh and upto 20 lakh individually in India.
- Swachh Survekshan League 2020 (SS League 2020) was presented with the target of supporting the on-ground execution of urban areas alongside persistent checking of administration level execution with regards to neatness.
- SS League 2020 is being led by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs in seventy-five percent (April-June, July-September and October-December) 4
- Maintainability of the sanitation chain has been engaged in SS League 2020 whereby parameters, for example, wastewater treatment and reuse, and faecal muck the executives have been given unique consideration.
- SS League will be coordinated with Swachh Survekshan 2020, the fifth version of the yearly neatness study of urban India.
- The exhibition of urban communities in SS League 2020 is significant to their positioning in Swachh Survekshan 2020 because of the 25% load of the quarterly appraisals to be remembered for the yearly overview planned to begin from 4 January till 31 January 2020.
Bhima-Koregaon battle of 1818: 202nd Anniversary
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains I- Modern History
In News
- The fight was battled on 1 January 1818 between the British East India Company and the Peshwa group of the Maratha Confederacy, at Koregaon Bhima, a little town in Pune locale of Maharashtra,
- A couple of hundred Mahar warriors of the East India Company drove by the British, vanquished the enormous Peshwa armed force, drove by Peshwa Bajirao II
- The Vijay Sthamb (triumph column) was raised by the East India Company in memory of the individuals who faced the conflict. The names of the Mahar troopers who unwittingly finished the Peshwa rule in 1818 are recorded on the column.
- The Dalits who follow BR Ambedkar see this fight as a triumph of Mahars over the foul play and torment distributed to them by the Brahminical Peshwas.
Chandrayaan-3: Launch this year
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III- Space Science & technology
In News
- India will dispatch Chandrayaan-3 of every 2020, government expressed, stating that the strategy will be not exactly Chandrayaan-2. The experience assembled from Chandrayaan-2 and accessible framework would cut down the expense of Chandrayaan-3
Value Addition for Prelims
- Chandrayaan-2 crucial India’s first endeavour to arrive on lunar surface. The ISRO had arranged the arrival on the South Pole of the lunar surface. Be that as it may, the lander Vikram hard-landed.
- By the by, the Chandrayaan 2 orbiter stays healthy.
- ISRO’s new plug arm New Space India Ltd. (NSIL) will administer the innovation move to the private segment and assembling of room parts by the business.
Department of Military Affairs (DMA): Created in the Defence Ministry,
Part of: GS Prelims and GS III- Security
In News
- The Department of Military Affairs (DMA) has been made in the Defense Ministry, and General Bipin Rawat who is the new Chief of the Defense Staff (CDS) will head it.
- The DMA will be the fifth division in the Ministry after the Department of Defense, the Department of Defense Production, the Department of Defense Research and Development and the Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare.
- The DMA’s order incorporates advancing jointness in obtainment, preparing and staffing for the Services; encouraging the rebuilding of the military directions for ideal use of assets by realizing jointness in tasks, including through the foundation of joint/theatre directions and advancing utilization of indigenous gear
- The DMA would deal with
- The armed forces;
- The integrated headquarters of the Ministry, comprising the Army, Naval and Air and defence staff headquarters;
- The Territorial Army; and
- Works relating to the three services and procurement exclusive to them, except capital acquisitions.
National Population Register(NPR): Trial form gets governments approval
Part of: GS Prelims and GS II- Governance
In News
- NPR structure utilized at the preliminary stage in September 2019 is probably going to be concluded as the specialists didn’t get any unfriendly input from an example set of respondents.
- Around 30 lakh individuals reacted to the “pretest” structure that was utilized to gather information in 74 regions.
- It looked for subtleties on 21 parameters, particularly the “spot of birth of father and mother, the last spot of home”, alongside Aadhaar (discretionary), voter ID card, cell phone and driving permit numbers.
Value Addition for Prelims
- NPR is a register of common occupants of the nation. It incorporates both Indian residents just as an outside resident.
- As per the Citizenship Rules, 2003, a standard occupant is an individual who has lived in a neighbourhood the previous a half year or more or an individual who plans to dwell here for the following a half year or more.
- The whole NPR exercise will be led by the Office of the Registrar General of India (RGI) under the Union Home Ministry.
- The first NPR was set up in 2010 and updating of this information was finished during 2015 by the leading way to entryway overview.
- In the last NPR done in 2010, the information was gathered on the 15 focuses and it did exclude ‘date and spot of the birth of guardians’ and last spot of living arrangement. The present NPR has a database of 119 crore occupants.
5G: India decides to include Chinese telecom major Huawei in the 5G trial
Part of: GS Prelims and GS III- Science & Technology
In News
- 5G is the 5th generation mobile network which will take a much larger role than previous mobile network generations
- 1G delivered analogue voice.
- 2G introduced digital voice (e.g., CDMA).
- 3G brought mobile data (e.g., CDMA2000).
- 4G LTE ushered in the era of mobile Internet.
- 5G bolsters new administrations (like IoT), utilizes range superior to 4G, quicker than 4G(up to 20 Gigabits-per-second) and has more limitations than 4G (it will bolster a 100x increment in rush hour gridlock limit and system effectiveness)
- Incorporation of the tech mammoth in the Indian scene had become a political issue with restriction from the U.S. what’s more, Japan.
- The Chinese major was restricted by the U.S. in May 2019 on issues of security and protection which prompted a universal crusade to prevent different nations from remembering it for 5G ventures
MAINS FOCUS
POLITY
TOPIC: General Studies 2:
- Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate
Chief of Defence Staff (CDS): Gen. Bipin Rawat Appointed as first CDS
Context:
- General Bipin Rawat (December 30) named the principal Chief of Defense Staff (CDS), a recently made post intended to improve the nature of military exhortation to the political authority through joining of administration inputs.
- The CDS is a high military office that will direct and arrange the working of the three Services, and offer consistent tri-administration perspectives and single-guide counsel toward the Executive (for India’s situation, to the Prime Minister) on long haul protection arranging and the executives, including labour, gear and system, or more all, “joint manship” in tasks.
Need for Chief of Defence Staff
- All in all, the strategic plan is finished by Defense Secretary, who is a civil servant, while its execution rests with Chiefs of the military. This makes the guard approach indistinguishable.
- The development of current fighting areas like Space, Cyber and so forth, requires an increasingly incorporated way to deal with the resistance methodology.
- A gathering of priests that was framed in 2001 to investigate essential changes required to improve India’s national security had likewise supported making the post of Chief of Defense Staff.
- In 2012 Naresh Chandra team prescribed the arrangement of a perpetual administrator of the head of staff advisory group.
- The changeless executive of the head of the staff council is the senior the majority of the three Chiefs.
- The CDS is additionally one of the 99 proposals made by the Lt. General D.B. Shekatkar (retd.) council (2016).
Significance
- The making of the CDS will in the long run lead to the arrangement of tri-administration theater directions proposed to make vertical joining of the three powers.
- This is relied upon to set aside cash by dodging duplication between the Services, during a period of contracting capital consumption inside the protection spending plan.
- It will help India in Defense tact.
United States: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
- As indicated by the US Department of Defense site, the director of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) is the country’s most noteworthy positioning military official and the essential military consultant to the President, the Secretary of Defense (comparable to Minister for Defense in India) and the National Security Council.
United Kingdom: Chief of the Defence Staff
- The Chief of the Defense Staff (CDS) is the expert leader of the Armed Forces and head military consultant to the Secretary of State for Defense (proportional to Minister for Defense in India) and the administration.
- The UK CDS reports to the Defense Secretary and the Prime Minister.
Australia: Chief of the Defence Force
- Australia has a diarchy framework, under which the Chief of the Defense Force (CDF) and the Secretary for the Department of Defense (a senior non-military personnel local official in the Ministry) mutually deal with the Defense Association, per the Department of Defense site.
Challenges:
- The KRC report called attention to that India is the main significant popular government where the Armed Forces Headquarters is outside the pinnacle legislative structure.
- It saw that Service Chiefs give a large portion of their opportunity to their operational jobs, “regularly bringing about negative outcomes”.
- Long haul protection arranging endures as everyday needs rule.
- Additionally, the Prime Minister and Defense Minister don’t have the advantage of the perspectives and skill of military leaders, so as to guarantee that more significant level safeguard the board choices are progressively consensual and broad-based.
- The CDS is additionally observed as being indispensable to the formation of “theatre directions”, incorporating tri-administration resources and faculty like in the US military.
Connecting the dots:
- Do you think CDS is required for India?
- Do you figure CDS will make co-appointment between all the three wings of the guard?
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
TOPIC: General Studies 2:
- Two-sided, local and worldwide groupings and understandings including India and additionally influencing India’s inclinations.
- Impact of approaches and legislative issues of created and creating nations on India’s inclinations, Indian Diaspora.
US-China: ‘phase one’ trade deal to be signed January 15
Context:
- The United States and China as of late reported a “Stage One” understanding.
- With this US will lessen a few taxes in return for expanded Chinese acquisition of American ranch and vitality merchandise.
Background:
- Donald Trump in 2018 started setting levies and other exchange hindrances on China with the objective of compelling it to make changes to what the U.S. says are “out of line exchange rehearses” of China.
- Among those exchange rehearses and their belongings are the developing exchange shortfall, the burglary of licensed innovation, and the constrained exchange of American innovation to China.
- The exchange war has brought battles for ranchers and producers and more significant expenses for purchasers.
- It has additionally caused monetary harm In certain nations, a few nations have profited by expanded assembling to fill the holes. It has additionally prompted financial exchange shakiness.
Impact of the trade war on India :
- Taper rate but the domestic producers of India will have to compete with the Chinese imports or else face loss.
- Indian producers will get an opportunity to fill this generated gap and penetrate in the US market. This will increase their trade and profit.
- There will be a short-term impact on the stock markets.
Features:
- The US will halve its 15 per cent tariff on about $120 billion in Chinese goods
- There is a likelihood that China could before long beginning flooding overabundance steel and aluminium into India’s market after this raised duties on Chinese items by the US.
- Cell phones, coolers, clothes washers, ACs, water purifiers, and perhaps electric vehicles will currently observe expanded speculation stream coordinated towards India.
- The Indian purchasers will get the items at a less expensive rate however the residential makers of India should contend with the Chinese imports or else face misfortune.
- Indian makers will get a chance to fill this created hole and enter in the US showcase. This will expand their exchange and benefit.
- There will be a transient effect on financial exchanges.
China has consented to expand its absolute acquisition of US merchandise and enterprises by at any rate $200 billion throughout the following two years. Likewise included is a responsibility by China to build its purchasing of US farming items.
- “Addresses unjustifiable cash rehearses by resolving to shun aggressive debasements and swapping scale focusing on. “This methodology will help strengthen macroeconomic and swapping scale solidness and help guarantee that China can’t utilize money practices to unreasonably contend with U.S. exporters”
- China has made a deal to avoid compelling outside organizations to move their innovation to Chinese organizations.
- The understanding likewise incorporates a question goals component that will fill in as the implementation arm.
Critics:
- It would get just transitory alleviation the more than 18-month-old exchange war between the US and China.
- Does little to determine the United States’ greatest worries about China’s exchange works on, including its utilization of modern endowments and state-possessed endeavours to rule worldwide enterprises like steel and sunlight based boards.
- The deal would increase Chinese purchases of American agricultural and energy products,
- It limits China’s ability to weaken its currency and provide greater protection to US companies that are operating in China.
Way forward:
- China and the United States, the world’s two largest economies, must deal with bilateral economic and trade relations with the big picture in mind.
- Reaching the agreement will serve the fundamental interests of the people of the two countries and the world,
- It is expected to bring positive influences on areas including economy, trade, investment and the financial market
Conclusion:
- The economic and political benefits of de-escalation in the trade war have become readily apparent.
- A rollback of tariffs and cancellation of new levies makes sense for the US economy and for the World economy.
Connecting the dots:
- Do you think Phase One” agreement make a positive impact on the Indian economy?
- How does this impact India- US relations?
(TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE)
Model questions: (You can now post your answers in the comment section)
Q.1) Consider the following statements about Chandrayaan-2 Mission
- Chandrayaan-2 mission was India’s first attempt to land on the lunar surface.
- The ISRO had planned the landing on the South Pole of the lunar surface
Which of the above statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.2) Consider the following statements about the Military Affairs Department
- The department will be headed by Defence Secretary
- It will facilitate the restructuring of the military commands for optimal utilisation of resources by bringing about jointness in operations, including through the establishment of joint/theatre commands
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.3) The National Population Register exercise will be carried out by which body/Ministry?
- Office of the Registrar General of India, Union Home Ministry
- National Sample Survey Office
- Prime Minister’s Office
- None of the above
Q.4) Consider the following statements about 5G
- While 4G LTE focused on delivering the data much faster, 5G will also support new services such as mission-critical communications and the Internet of Things (IoT).
- 5G has lower latency than 4G i.e. it has the potential to deliver more instantaneous, real-time access: a 10x decrease in end-to-end latency down to 1ms.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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