Highlights |UPSC Exam Current Affairs 04-12-2019
Current Affairs and News (04-12-2019)- The following article contains all the updated events and news for IAS Preparation. Our daily IAS Current Affairs and News cover the most important topics to give precise information to the reader and IAS Aspirants.
- Chandrayaan 2
- EXERCISE HAND-IN-HAND-2019
- DRDO to develop naval fighter jet
- U.S. threatens 100% tariffs on French goods
- PISA test
- Didymos
- Ukraine – Trump issue
- Israel Palestine issue (Part-1)
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UPSC Exam Current Affairs and News Analysis (04-12-2019)
Chandrayaan 2
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III – Space Science & Technology
In News
- Nasa discharged a few pictures indicating the site of the Vikram lander’s effect and the related garbage field.Nasa credited a Chennai-based geek with the revelation
- Nasa said the debrisis around 750 meters northwest of the fundamental accident site where Vikram made a hard arriving on September seventh 2019
- Isro’sChandrayaan 2 strategic expected to make a delicate arriving on the Moon’s surface when it lost contact with the Vikram lander in front of the booked touchdown.
- Chandrayaan 2’s Vikram lander hard-arrived on Moon’s surface as decrease in speed during its drop didn’t coordinate with the structured parameters.
- The indigenously created Chandrayaan-2 rocket involving orbiter, lander (Vikram) and meanderer (Pragyan) was effectively propelled on-board the indigenous GSLV MK III-M1 Mission on July 22, 2019
- The Isro is intending to dispatch Chandrayaan 3 likely in November one year from now.
What are the scientific objectives of Chandrayaan2 ?
- Moon gives the best linkage to Earth’s initial history. Broad mapping of lunar surface to ponder varieties in lunar surface were basic to follow back the cause and development of the Moon.
- Proof for water particles found by Chandrayaan-1, required further investigations on the degree of water atom conveyance superficially, underneath the surface and in the tenous lunar exosphere to address the inception of water on Moon.
- India would have been the principal nation to land a strategic the south post of the Moon, if the arrival was a triumph.
EXERCISE HAND-IN-HAND-2019
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II – International Affairs
In News
- The eighth India-China joint preparing exercise ‘Connected at the hip 2019’ with the subject counter fear based oppression under United Nations order is booked to be directed at Umroi, Meghalaya from 07 to 20 December 2019.
- The Chinese unexpected from the Tibet Military order involving 130 individual and the Indian Contingent of comparable quality will partake in the multi day long preparing activity.
- The point of the activity is to rehearse joint arranging and direct of counter psychological militant tasks in semi urban territory.
- Two strategic activities are planned during the preparation; one on counter fear mongering situation and the other on Humanitarian and Disaster Relief (HADR) tasks
Src: Click here
DRDO to develop naval fighter jet
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III- Security
In News
- DRDO has offered to build up another twin-motor deck-based contender air ship for the Navy dependent on the experience of the maritime light battle flying machine (LCA)
- The new flying machine ought to be prepared by 2026, subsequent to meeting the subjective prerequisites.
- The maritime LCA as of late effectively finished the take-off and landing preliminaries on the shore-based test office in Goa
Do You Know
- The Navy expected to have the principal indigenous plane carrying warship (IAC-I) Vikrant operational by 2022.
- The Navy is planned to have its biggest multilateral exercise, MILAN off the shore of Visakhapatnam in March 2020, for which 41 nations have been welcomed. Up until now, more than 15 nations have affirmed their cooperation.
- Notwithstanding, China has not been welcomed as Indian Navy welcomed “similar” nations.
U.S. threatens 100% tariffs on French goods
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains II- International Affairs
In News
- Uninvolved of the NATO collusion talks, the U.S. declared that it might demand obligations up to 100% on $2.4 billion in French imports into the nation.
- The proposed duties could incorporate French champagne, porcelain and some cheddar assortments.
- The declaration comes after the workplace of the U.S. Exchange Representative’s (USTR) probe(301 test) into France’s Digital Services Tax (DST) reasoned that a French assessment measure is oppressive towards explicit U.S. innovation organizations.
- The ‘301’ test is an exchange apparatus approved by Section 301 of the U.S. Exchange Act of 1974, which the U.S. utilizations to state its privileges under exchange understandings in the event that it chooses American businesses are confronting “uncalled for” remote exchange rehearses.
- France’s DST is a 3% charge on the turnover of advanced organizations with worldwide turnover of in any event €750 million, of which €25 million is created in France.
- U.S. tech goliaths, including Google, Amazon and Facebook, had required the assessment to be rejected.
- USTR said that the duty was conflicting with winning assessment standards because of its retroactivities, application to income as opposed to pay and extraterritorial application.
- While this specific round of taxes doesn’t affect India straightforwardly, the USTR’s utilization of 301 tests is of importance to the nation.
- US in July had expressed that a ‘301 test’ was among the choices the U.S. was thinking about at the time with respect to India.Currently, New Delhi and Washington are in an exchange on a restricted economic agreement.
PISA test
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains II –Education
In News
- The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is an examination done to create practically identical information on instruction strategy and results crosswise over nations
- It is started by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an intergovernmental financial association with 36 part nations.
- The investigation, which started in the year 2000, conducts a test assessing 15-year-olds in part and non-part nations to evaluate the quality and inclusivity of educational systems in these nations.
- The PISA test is held like clockwork and the following test will be held in 2021, in which understudies from government schools in Chandigarh will speak to India.
- PISA test doesn’t survey understudies on their memory, yet endeavors to assess whether understudies can apply the information they have increased through essential and optional instruction.
- India has taken an interest in the PISA test just once previously, in 2009. In this round of PISA, where understudies from Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu sat for the test, India positioned 72nd out of 73 nations, outranking just Kyrgyzstan. From that point forward, India has strayed away from the test as of not long ago.
Didymos
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III – Space Science
In News
- NASA and ESA need to hit a space rock called Didymos
- The twin-space rock framework Didymos is a twofold close Earth space rock.
- As indicated by NASA, while the essential collection of Didymos is around 780 meters over, its auxiliary body or “moonlet” is around 160-meters in size, which is progressively run of the mill of the size of space rocks that could represent the in all likelihood noteworthy danger to Earth.
- In the midst of the developing worry of need of a planetary resistance system, researchers are attempting to discover approaches to avoid space rocks from a crash course with Earth
- One such undertaking is the Asteroid Impact and Deflection Assessment (AIDA), which incorporates NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) strategic the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Hera.
- DART is planned to dispatch in 2021 with an expect to hammer into the littler space rock of the Didymos framework at around 6 km for every second in 2022.
- Hera will land at the Didymos framework in 2027 to gauge the effect pit delivered by the DART impact and concentrate the adjustment in the space rock’s orbital direction.
Do You Know?
- There are around 25,000 close Earth objects (NEOs) that circle the Sun on a direction that brings them near our planet’s circle.
- In any case, sure close Earth objects have been named “conceivably dangerous” which are 140 meters or more in size and draw near 0.05 AU (galactic unit) to Earth
- The separation in space is normally estimated in galactic units where 1 AU is the separation among Earth and the Sun, which is around 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers
(MAINS FOCUS)
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
TOPIC: General Studies 2:
- Respective, local and worldwide groupings and understandings including India or potentially influencing India’s inclinations
- Impact of approaches and governmental issues of created and creating nations on India’s inclinations, Indian Diaspora.
Ukraine – Trump issue
- The House Intelligence Committee discharged a 300-page reprimand report blaming President Donald Trump for attempting to enroll Ukraine to help him in the 2020 presidential political decision and deterring the congressional request by attempting to cover it up.
Background:
- It rotates around endeavors by U.S. President Donald Trump to constrain Ukraine and other outside nations into giving harming stories around 2020 Democratic Party presidential essential applicant Joe Biden just as data identifying with Russian obstruction in the 2016 United States races.
- Trump enrolled surrogates inside and outside his official organization, including his own legal counselor Rudy Giuliani and Attorney General William Barr, to constrain Ukraine and other remote governments to collaborate in supporting paranoid ideas concerning American politicsTrump blocked yet later discharged installment of a congressionally ordered $400 million military guide bundle to purportedly get compensation participation from Volodymyr Zelensky, the leader of Ukraine.
- Number of contacts were built up between the White House and the legislature of Ukraine, coming full circle in a July 25, 2019, telephone call among Trump and Zelensky
- The embarrassment arrived at open consideration in mid-September 2019 because of an informant grievance submitted in August 2019The question raised worries about Trump utilizing presidential forces to request remote discretionary intercession in the 2020 U.S. presidential political race
Takeaways from the report:
- The president utilized Ukraine’s military guide and a White House meeting for political examinations.
“subverted U.S. international strategy toward Ukraine and undermined our national security for two politically propelled examinations that would enable his presidential re-appointment to crusade.”
- Trump ‘requested and actualized’ a battle to cover his direct from the general population and Congress.
“The harm to our arrangement of balanced governance, and to the perceived leverage inside our three parts of government, will be dependable and possibly unavoidable if the president’s capacity to stonewall Congress goes unchecked,”
- The report is a guide to the president’s conceivable denunciation and expulsion from office.
“Today, we might be seeing a crash between the intensity of a cure intended to check presidential unfortunate behavior and the intensity of group resolved to protect against the utilization of that cure on a leader of a similar gathering,”
- Report prompts new stage in prosecution request as Judiciary Committee thinks about articles of indictment.
“The arrival of the report to a great extent finishes up the examination by the Intelligence Committee and moves the prosecution investigation into another stage drove by the House Judiciary Committee, which intends to hold its first hearing”
US impeachment process
- The US House of agent (435 individuals) needs to pass the denunciation movement by a basic dominant part, after examination by legal executive board of trustees
- The movement of Impeachment at that point goes to the Senate (Upper House comprising of 100 individuals), where a preliminary directed by Chief Justice happens with agent from House going about as examiners and the President and his lawyers displaying his safeguard
- A two-third lion’s share in Senate is important to convict and evacuate the President.
- On the off chance that the President is sentenced, the Vice-President assumes control over the White House for outstanding time of residency.
Indian Impeachment process
- In India, President can be reprimanded for infringement of the Constitution (Article 61)
- The movement for reprimanding President can be presented in any House of Parliament.
- After the examination, the movement of reprimand must be passed by a dominant part of at the very least 66% of the all out enrollment of the House by the two Houses of the Parliament.
Connecting the dots:
- Subverted U.S. international strategy toward Ukraine and undermined our national security for two politically persuaded examinations that would help his presidential re-appointment crusade. Remark
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
TOPIC: General Studies 2:
- Respective, local and worldwide groupings and understandings including India as well as influencing India’s inclinations
- Impact of approaches and governmental issues of created and creating nations on India’s inclinations, Indian Diaspora.
Israel Palestine issue (Part-1)
- England assumed responsibility for the region known as Palestine after the leader of that piece of the Middle East, the Ottoman Empire, was crushed in WW1.
- The land was occupied by a Jewish minority and Arab larger part.
- Pressures between the two people groups developed when the global network gave Britain the undertaking of setting up a “national home” in Palestine for Jewish individuals.
- For Jews, it was their hereditary home, yet Palestinian Arabs additionally asserted the land and restricted the move.
- Between the 1920s and 40s, the quantity of Jews landing there developed, with many escaping from oppression in Europe and looking for a country after the Holocaust of WWII.
- Viciousness among Jews and Arabs, and against British standard, additionally developed.
UN
- In 1947, the UN decided in favor of Palestine to be part into independent Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem turning into a universal city.
- That arrangement was acknowledged by Jewish pioneers however dismissed by the Arab side and never executed.
The creation of Israel and the ‘Catastrophe’
- In 1948, unfit to tackle the issue, British rulers left and Jewish pioneers pronounced the making of the province of Israel.
- Numerous Palestinians questioned and a war followed. Troops from neighboring Arab nations attacked.
- A huge number of Palestinians fled or were constrained out of their homes in what they call Al Nakba, or the “Fiasco”.
- When the battling finished in a truce the next year, Israel controlled a large portion of the region.
- Jordan involved land which got known as the West Bank, and Egypt involved Gaza.
- Jerusalem was separated between Israeli powers in the West, and Jordanian powers in the East.
- Since there was never a harmony understanding – each side accused the other – there were more wars and battling in the decades which followed.
1967:
- In another war in 1967, Israel involved East Jerusalem and the West Bank, just as the greater part of the Syrian Golan Heights, and Gaza and the Egyptian Sinai landmass.
- Most Palestinian displaced people and their relatives live in Gaza and the West Bank, just as in neighboring Jordan, Syria and Lebanon.
- Neither they nor their relatives have been permitted by Israel to come back to their homes – Israel says this would overpower the nation and undermine its reality as a Jewish state
Present day
- Israel still involves the West Bank, and despite the fact that it pulled out of Gaza the UN still views that real estate parcel as a feature of an involved area.
- Israel asserts the entire of Jerusalem as its capital, while the Palestinians guarantee East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state.
- Just the US perceives Israel’s case to the entire of the city.
- In the previous 50 years Israel has assembled settlements in these territories, where in excess of 600,000 Jews currently live.
- Palestinians state these are unlawful under global law and are impediments to harmony, however Israel denies this.
- Pressures are regularly intense among Israel and Palestinians living in East Jerusalem, Gaza and the West Bank.
- Gaza is administered by a Palestinian activist gathering called Hamas, which has battled Israel commonly. Israel and Egypt firmly control Gaza’s fringes to stop weapons getting to Hamas.
- Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank say they’re enduring a result of Israeli activities and limitations.
- Israel state it is just acting to shield itself from Palestinian brutality.
Conclusion:
- The circumstance won’t be sifted through at any point in the near future. Another harmony plan is being set up by the United States, which has portrayed it as the “arrangement of the century”.
Connecting the dots:
- Any future arrangement must be one that corrects past shades of malice and offers vote based system to all Palestinians. remark
(TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE)
Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section)
Q.1) 1 Astronomical Unit (1 AU) is roughly equivalent to _______
- 100 million Kms
- Distance from Earth to the Sun
- Distance from Earth to the Moon
- None of the above
Q.2) The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a triennial international survey which aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students. It is conducted by
- United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture
- World Economic Forum
- Etudes Sans Frontières International
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Q.3) Consider the following statements about Asteroid Impact and Deflection Assessment (AIDA) initiative
- The aim of the initiative isto deflect asteroid- Didymos from a collision course with Earth
- It includes NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission and the Japan Space Agency’s (JAXA) Hera mission.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.4) ‘301 probe’ often seen in news is related to which of the following ?
- Investigation into Human rights violation by UNHRC
- War crimes probe by International Criminal Court
- Trade tool by USA to assert its rights under trade agreements
- None of the above
Q.5) Exercise HAND-IN-HAND is joint training exercise conducted between India and which other country?
- Nepal
- China
- Bhutan
- Afghanistan
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