Highlights |UPSC Exam Current Affairs 13-09-2019
Current Affairs and News (13-09-2019)- The following article contains all the updated events and news for IAS Preparation. Our daily IAS Current Affairs and News cover the most important topics to give precise information to the reader and IAS Aspirants.
- Hindi Wikipedia
- Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
- Water on Exoplanet
- Drought toolbox
- Fundamental Leaning skills – Focus for the students/children
- Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) – Pro and Consequences
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UPSC Exam Current Affairs 13-09-2019 are followed in the part below:
UPSC Exam Current Affairs and News Analysis (13-09-2019)
Hindi Wikipedia
Part of: GS Prelims
In News
- The Department of Science and Technology (DST) is intending to decipher huge number of wikipedia articles into Hindi, as there isn’t adequate portrayal of logical themes on Wikipedia in Indian dialects
- There are around 50 lakh Wikipedia articles in English and just 125,000 equivalent ones in Hindi. DST plans to expand the quantity of Hindi articles
- AI would be utilized to prepare programming to quickly decipher huge tracts of content from English to Hindi and the administrations of researchers just as subject specialists would be utilized
- The task will initially include interpreting countless science-put together wikis and in the end move with respect to making unique substance in Indian language
- Hindi would be the start yet DST plans to stretch out to other Indian dialects in since a long time ago run.
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-II- International Affairs
In News
- Australia’s lead mediator for RCEP says all nations have “submitted” to finishing talks before the RCEP summit on November 1.
- RCEP is a proposed unhindered commerce understanding (FTA) among ASEAN and its six FTA accomplices – China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand.
- Ten part conditions of ASEAN are Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam
- RCEP dealings were officially propelled in November 2012 at the ASEAN Summit in Cambodia
- When actualized, the RCEP will be the biggest free exchanging alliance representing 45 percent of the total populace, about 33% of the worldwide GDP and 40 percent of worldwide exchange.
- India is looking for a system to ‘top’ imports as a defend measure on the off chance that its withdrawal of levies under RCEP prompts an unexpected flood in products flooding the Indian market.
- India needs double tax component – one tax framework with those nations with which it as of now has a FTA and an alternate levy instrument with those nations that India doesn’t have FTA
- India as of now has two-sided organized commerce understandings (FTAs) with ASEAN, Japan and South Korea
- India doesn’t have FTA with China, Australia and New Zealand
- With China, India is endeavoring to restrict end of duties up to around 70 percent of exchanged things which is to be spread more than thirty years.
- With Australia and New Zealand specifically, India has been consulting on farming and dairy imports.
- The requirement for India is for opportunity of development for administrations from India to different nations to be remembered for RCEP arrangements itself.
Water on Exoplanet
Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III -Space
In News
- Space experts have just because found water in the air of exoplanet – K2-18b, alongside Earth-like temperatures that could bolster life.
- An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside the Solar System
- The K2-18b planet circles the cool small star K2-18, which is around 110 light a very long time from Earth in the Leo heavenly body of the milkyway system
- Researchers utilized document information from 2016 and 2017 caught by the ESA/NASA Hubble Space Telescope and created open-source calculations to break down the starlight sifted through K2-18b’s air.
- The outcomes uncovered the sub-atomic mark of water fume, additionally showing the nearness of hydrogen and helium in the planet’s air
- Researchers finished up further investigations are required to evaluate cloud inclusion and the level of environmental water present.
Drought toolbox
Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III –Disaster Management
In News
- Dry season Toolbox was formally propelled during the fourteenth Conference of Parties (COP14) to United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) held at Greater Noida, India.
- The Drought Toolbox can be utilized by nations to evaluate dry spell hazards in their districts much ahead of time and get ready to manage the water shortage.
- The tool kit utilizes 30 parameters, including soil dampness, precipitation information and temperature information and can precisely assess the defenselessness of various geographic districts to dry season.
- It will likewise propose intends to moderate the unfavorable effect of intense water shortage.
- The structure for the toolbox incorporates three key angles: (1) ‘Checking and Early Warning’ framework, (2) ‘Defenselessness and Risk Assessment’ and (3) ‘Hazard Mitigation Measures’.
- Dry spells, which are typically hard to predict are multiple times costlier than floods.
- Effect of an unnatural weather change on Drought : 2 degree Celsius increment in worldwide temperatures will put an extra 441 million individuals at the danger of confronting dry spell universally.
- In India, the Ministry of Agriculture is the nodal service in regard of checking and overseeing dry spell conditions
- Dry seasons are ordered into meteorological dry spells, hydrological dry seasons and rural dry seasons.
(MAINS FOCUS)
EDUCATION
TOPIC: General Studies 2:
- Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
- Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the population by the Centre and States and the Performance of these Schemes; Mechanisms, Laws, Institutions and Bodies constituted for the Protection and Betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.
- Issues related to education system and fundamental learning skills.
Fundamental Leaning skills – Focus for the students/children
Context:
- Indian government declared to accomplish $10 trillion financial development before the finish of 2030.
- Government made this declaration keeping in focal point of 12 million Indian youth who will accomplish employable age of 29 by 2030. Despite the fact that our childhood contribute for the development of Indian economy, they come up short at worldwide level because of absence of principal learning abilities.
Need for fundamental leaning skills:
- The schools have accomplished increment in the enrolment of understudies from past 10 yrs.
- Just around 1/third extent of third grade understudies can peruse and learn second grade writings.
- As indicated by National Achievement Survey (NAS), just a little part of understudies have accomplished basic learning abilities and larger part come up short.
- Absence of a solid learning establishment at the essential level.
Drawbacks of current school learning system:
- Despite the fact that larger part of our youngsters drop of schools, they need essential thing abilities.
- Understudies pick advance aptitudes a lot quicker without focusing for the essential thing learning abilities.
- Thus, understudies neglect to adapt up to the current worldwide information monetary situations.
Prerequisites for Learning:
- As per National Education Policy (NEP), the capacity to peruse, compose and perform essential computation is a need/essential for quality learning.
- Kids are relied upon to peruse basic messages and do straightforward Maths by third grade and are said to be typical. The individuals who come up short on this capacity are going to fall behind from this expectation to absorb information.
Challenges in delivering fundamental learning skills:
- Youngsters from poor family foundations and less presentation to outside impacts think that its hard to comprehend the portal abilities.
- The vast majority of the educators have fixed educational program and time point of confinement to finish their educational plan, so they center around the splendid understudies and in the in the mean time, the ability lacking understudies fall behind.
- Absence of various expertise advancement establishments in India which neglect to convey essential thing learning aptitudes to understudies, because of which our understudies neglect to exhibit their abilities at global level.
Actions to be taken:
- Government must concentrate on central learning abilities by objective based artistic and numeracy aptitude improvement programs with the dynamic association of the guardians and partners.
- Changing the showing system with the assistance of instructing learning helps, broad media helps and so on.
- Preparing and creating educators for new philosophies about major learning abilities and consistent overhauling the equivalent.
Conclusion:
Principal learning expertise is another necessity of present day India. It gives certainty and ranges of abilities for the understudies to show case themselves at global levels. This will assist India with achieving more achievement and be in the highest point of the stepping stool with universal models.
Connecting the dots:
- Analyze the elements behind poor learning results in India. By what means would this be able to be tended to? Talk about.
- India needs central learning aptitudes. Do you concur? What’s up with our training framework? How might we address it? Talk about.
AGRICULTURE
TOPIC: General Studies 3:
- Major Crops – Cropping Patterns in various parts of the country, – Different Types of Irrigation and Irrigation Systems; Storage, Transport and Marketing of Agricultural Produce and Issues and Related Constraints; E-technology in the aid of farmers.
- Land Reforms in India.
- Environment and Ecology, Bio diversity – Conservation, environmental degradation, environmental impact assessment, Environment versus Development.
Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) – Pro and Consequences
What is Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF)?
- ZBNF is a procedure of cultivating where the harvests are developed utilizing normal assets like cow compost, bovine pee and so forth. This procedure guarantees alleviating the utilization of concoction manures and supplements to the dirt.
Is ZBNF useful for the farmers?
- In 2019 yearly spending plan, Prime Minister worried on ZBNF that it will be a favorable position for the ranchers to diminish substance buildup in the dirt.
- It will assist the ranchers with growing natural items with no synthetic compounds which bring a greater number of costs in the market than the artificially developed produce.
- Help the ranchers to twofold their homestead pay.
- Decreases utilization of synthetic concoctions as there are sufficient supplements accessible to plants via air, soil and water, lessens carbon emanation rates.
Controversy about ZBNF:
Board of researchers from ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) and NAAS (National Academy of Agriculture Sciences) are against ZBNF and asserting that ZBNF alone can’t expand the ranch pay.
The debate from the scientists:
- There is no proof of confirmation that ZBNF alone has expanded the homestead pay.
- On the off chance that there is 30-half increment in yield by utilizing the concoction inputs, at that point there must be 30-half value bit of leeway to the ranchers by utilizing ZBNF.
- The compound data sources costs around 5-7% of the absolute generation costs.
- Promoting of these naturally developed market is less contrasted with the essential markets.
Conclusion:
- Practicing ZBNF consistently will take many years to see the results as the soil has to be completely amended free of harmful chemicals and fertilizers.
- Sudden shift from chemicals to natural products may reduce the yield.
- ZBNF if proved successful and advantageous, it will be accepted from the farmers immediately as in case of adaption of Bt cotton seeds.
- Successful marketing has to be created for these produce as of now the organic markets are in the niche areas only.
- If the government is prioritizing ZBNF, then extensive measures must be bought in the fertilizer subsidy pricing.
Connecting the dots:
- What do you comprehend by ‘zero budgent normal cultivating’ (ZBNF)? Talk about its advantages over traditional type of horticulture.
- With regards to the administration’s duty to twofold ranchers’ pay by 2022, the ongoing proposition for lessening cost of creation through ‘zero spending common cultivating’ (ZBNF), stands to improve the net revenues for ranchers. Clarify.
(TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE)
Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section)
Q.1) Consider the following statements
- Drought Toolbox was officially launched during the 14th Conference of Parties (COP14) to United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) held at Greater Noida, India.
- In India, the Ministry of Rural Development is the nodal ministry in respect of monitoring and managing drought conditions
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.2) RCEP recently seen in news is related to which of the following ?
- ASEAN
- Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
- South Asia Space collaboration
- None of the above
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