Highlights |UPSC Exam Current Affairs 20-11-2019
UPSC exam current affairs 20-11-2019- The following article contains all the updated events and news for IAS Preparation. Our daily IAS Current Affairs and News cover the most important topics to give precise information to the reader and IAS Aspirants.
- NATGRID
- Abrogation of Article 370
- IMD WORLD TALENT RANKING
- Solar Eclipse
- ROAD ACCIDENTS IN INDIA-2018
- IR
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UPSC Exam Current Affairs 20-11-2019 are followed in the part below:
UPSC Exam Current Affairs and News Analysis (20-11-2019)
NATGRID
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III – Security
In News
- The yearning National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) undertaking will be operational by December 31, 2020.
- NATGRID is an online database for gathering dispersed snippets of data from in excess of 20 associations in the field of telecom, charge records, bank, migration, and so on to empower the age of knowledge inputs.
- At any rate 10 focal organizations like IB, R&AW and others will approach the information on a verified stage for counter-fear examinations.
- The task was begun in 2009 in the repercussions of 26/11 Mumbai fear assaults with a financial limit of Rs. 2800 crore.
- While NATGRID’s information recuperation focus in Bengaluru has been built, its office complex in South Delhi is approaching fruition.
- NATGRID is excluded from the Right to Information Act, 2005 under sub-area (2) of Section 24.
Abrogation of Article 370
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II – Indian Polity
In News
- Kashmir Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KCCI) said that Economic misfortunes in Kashmir have run well over a billion dollars since India renounced its independence and statehood to Jammu and Kashmir in August 2019.
- India transformed its past State of Jammu and Kashmir into a governmentally controlled region, fixing control in a stun move it said would get control over militancy in the locale and advance its improvement.
- Misfortunes emerged for the most part from extended shutdown after individuals shut markets and organizations as a characteristic of dissent, and inspired by a paranoid fear of backlashes from guerillas.
- The clampdown has hit the travel industry just as cultivating, agriculture and expressions of the human experience and artworks that contribute the most to its fare arranged economy.
IMD WORLD TALENT RANKING
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III – Economy
In News
- As per the most recent version of IMD World Talent Ranking, India has slipped 6 spots to 59 position on the worldwide yearly rundown of 63 nations.
- India is additionally falling behind individual BRICs nations – China positioned 42nd on the rundown, Russia (47th) and South Africa (50th).
- Universal Institute for Management Development (IMD) is a business instruction school situated in Lausanne, Switzerland.
- The positioning depends on the presentation in three fundamental classes — speculation and advancement, bid and availability.
- India additionally saw perhaps the most honed decay among Asian economies attributable to low personal satisfaction, adverse effect of cerebrum channel, and the low need of its economy on drawing in and holding abilities.
- The rundown was beaten by Switzerland. Denmark was put second and Sweden was in the third spot.
Solar Eclipse
Part of: GS Prelims
In News
- The individuals of Kasaragod district(Kerala) will have an uncommon chance to observe the December 26 sun oriented shroud first in the entirety of India. It is one of the three places on the planet where the obscuration will be most unmistakably observed.
- A sun based shroud happens when the moon passes legitimately between the Earth and the sun.
- Onlookers will have the option to encounter the “ring of fire” that is a trademark for this sort of sun oriented obscuration. This is an uncommon occasion that can be seen uniquely along a moderately restricted strip on the world’s surface.
- The shroud is additionally unmistakable in different zones, however, the moon won’t move midway before the sun there and the “ring of fire” won’t be obvious.
- The splendid ring of daylight around the moon at the tallness of the annular sunlight based obscuration is nicknamed the “ring of fire” during the shroud
ROAD ACCIDENTS IN INDIA-2018
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III – Infrastructure
In News
- The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways released the annual report on road accidents in India, which shows a daily average of 1,280 road crashes and 415 deaths
- Some of the findings of the report are:
- More than 1.5 lakh people lost their lives in road crashes in the country in 2018, registering an increase of 2.4% as compared to the 2017 (1.47 lakh fatalities)
- Of the total people killed in road crash deaths in 2018, 48% were between 18 years and 35 years old. Minors involved in road crash deaths were at 6.6% of the total deaths.
- Over-speeding is a major killer, accounting for 64.4% of the persons killed. This category was followed by driving on the wrong side of the road, which accounted for 5.8% of the accident related deaths.
- Use of mobile phones accounted for 2.4% of the deaths and drunken driving accounted for 2.8% of the persons killed.
- As many as 43,614 deaths or 28.8% of total road accident deaths in the country last year were caused due to “non-wearing of helmets”
- Among the States, Tamil Nadu (13.7%) topped the country in terms of the total number of road crashes, followed by Madhya Pradesh (11%) and Uttar Pradesh (9.1%).
- India is the most unsafe country in the world for road users across 199 countries, as reported by the Geneva-based World Road Federation’s World Road Statistics 2018. It’s followed by China (63,000 deaths) and the U.S. (37,000 deaths).
(MAINS FOCUS)
IR
TOPIC: General Studies 2:
- Reciprocal, territorial and worldwide groupings and understandings including India as well as influencing India’s inclinations.
- Impact of strategies and governmental issues of created and creating nations on India’s inclinations, Indian Diaspora.
Nationwide protests in Iran
Context
- Across the nation, fights broke out as of late testing the Iranian system.
- A huge number of individuals rioted, like the ongoing fights in Hong Kong, Chile, Lebanon and neighbouring Iraq.
- The dissenters recited mottos against the Islamic system, conveyed “Passing to Khamenei” publications, in an immediate test to the nation’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei
Why protests?
- Government declared increment in the fuel cost of up to 200%.
- The fights are the first to include white-collar class Iranians since the 2009 Iranian presidential political race fights
- Pardon International reports that in any event 106 dissenters have been murdered
Background:
- Endorses by the United States and the European Union, combined with monetary bungle, have prompted an extreme financial emergency in Iran in the previous barely any years.
- Swelling is at 40%
- Iran is encountering probably the hardest year since the 1979 Islamic insurgency”.
- Iranian partners in Lebanon and Iraq have likewise seen enemy of government fights
- The choice to build fuel cost is viewed as an endeavour to deal with the monetary emergency.
- The expansion in oil value finances the sponsorships of around 60 million Iranians
Oil price in Iran:
- Iran still has the most reduced fuel costs on the planet.
- Yet, individuals are reeling under high expansion, joblessness and a falling economy, henceforth prompted fights
- Crux: President Donald Trump’s choice a year ago to pull the U.S. out of the 2015 atomic arrangement and reimpose sanctions has managed a hit to Iran’s economy.
- A fourth of Iran’s childhood are jobless.
IMF:
- Nation’s economy is relied upon to decrease by 9.5%.
- The cash, the rial, has plunged to record lows against the dollar.
Iran’s Response:
- As of late, Iran has seen numerous fights and work fomentations. What’s more, the system’s reaction has consistently been average.
- Iran marked the nonconformists as counter-progressives and accused outside hands.
Conclusion:
- The most recent round of fights may subside. However, Iran needs an enduring answer to address its loathsome underbelly.
- The financial troubles have debilitated the fragile harmony between the system and its furious youth
Connecting the dots:
- Iran can’t savagely smother the dissidents always and requirements to recover the atomic arrangement on track. Legitimize
SECURITY
TOPIC: General Studies 3:
- Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights
‘Pegasus’ spyware and Data security
Context:
- WhatsApp sued the Israel-based NSO Group for the utilization of its ‘Pegasus’ spyware on a huge number of WhatsApp clients ahead of the pack up to the general races.
- blaming it for utilizing their informing stage to despatch Pegasus for reconnaissance to around 1,400 cell phones and gadgets around the world.
- The NSO claims that it just offers the product to governments however the Indian government has denied obtaining it and has asked WhatsApp to clarify the security rupture.
- Telephones of a few dozen Indian writers, legal counselors and human rights activists had been undermined utilizing an intrusive Israeli-created malware called Pegasus.
- 121 people were focused in India alone.
Pegasus
- Pegasus is spyware created by the Israeli cyber arms firm, NSO Group.
- It tends to be introduced on gadgets running certain renditions of iOS, Apple’s portable working framework,
- Pegasus is fit for perusing instant messages, following calls, gathering passwords, following the area of the telephone, getting to the objective gadget’s microphone(s) and video camera(s.
- Apple discharged adaptation of its iOS programming to fix the vulnerabilities.
- Updates on the spyware got noteworthy media consideration.
- It was known as the “most refined” cell phone assault ever.
Surveillance laws in India
- Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, manages block attempt of calls,
- Data Technology (IT) Act, 2000, manages block attempt of information.
- Under the two laws, just the administration, in specific situations, is allowed to lead the observation and not private on-screen characters.
- Hacking is disallowed under the IT Act.
- IT Act to cover the common and criminal offences of information burglary and hacking individually.
- discipline for untrustworthily accepting taken PC asset or correspondence incorporates detainment for a term which may stretch out to three years.
Judgments:
- In 1996, the Supreme Court noticed that there was an absence of procedural protects in the Indian Telegraph Act. It set out certain rules that were later systematized into rules in 2007. This incorporated a particular principle that requests on capture attempts of correspondence should just be given by the Secretary in the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- Under the IT Act, just the equipped authority can give a request for the interference, checking or unscrambling of any data created, transmitted, got or put away in any PC asset (cell phones would tally).
- In 2018, the Central government made a furore when it approved 10 Central offices to lead surveillance, this activity of the Union government has been tested in the Supreme Court.
Privacy:
- The Supreme Court is a milestone choice in 2017 consistently maintained the privilege of protection as an essential right under Articles 14, 19 and 21 of the Constitution.
- Information Protection Committee under resigned Justice B.N. Srikrishna held formal proceedings crosswise over India and presented a draft information security law draft law doesn’t manage observation change.
US as Example:
- Electronic observation is viewed as a hunt under the Fourth Amendment which shields people from absurd pursuit and seizure. Along these lines the legislature needs to acquire a warrant from a court for each situation and critically, set up a reasonable justification to accept a hunt is advocated.
- After the 9/11 assaults in 2001, the USA PATRIOT (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism) Act was passed.
- Under specific arrangements in this Act, the U.S. government utilized telephone organizations to gather data on a huge number of residents and these were a piece of disclosures made by the informant Edward Snowden in 2013
Report:
- In 2019, the U.K.- based security overview of 47 nations found that lone five nations had “sufficient protections” and most are effectively directing observation on residents and sharing data about them. China and Russia included as the best two most exceedingly awful guilty parties on the rundown.
- India in the third position since its information security Bill is yet to produce results and there isn’t an information assurance expert set up.
Connecting the dots:
- After the WhatsApp rupture, what should the route forward for the information security? Break down.
(TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE)
Model questions: (You can now post your answers in the comment section)
Q.1) Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Solar eclipse’
- A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes in a direct line between the Earth and the sun.
- Solar Eclipse takes place twice a year in the month of May and November.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.2) Consider the following statements about World Talent Ranking
- It is released by World Economic Forum
- India has slipped 6 places to 59 ranks on the global annual list of 63 countries, in the recently released ranking.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.3) Consider the following statements
- More than 1.5 lakh people lost their lives in road crashes in the country in 2018, registering an increase of 2.4% as compared to 2017
- India is the third most unsafe country in the world for road users across 199 countries, as reported by the Geneva-based World Road Federation’s World Road Statistics 2018.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.4) Consider the following statements about NATGRID
- It is an online database for collating scattered pieces of information from more than 20 organisations to enable the generation of intelligence inputs.
- NATGRID also comes under the ambit of Right to Information Act,2005
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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