Highlights |UPSC Exam Current Affairs 18-10-2019
Current Affairs and News (18-10-2019)- The following article contains all the updated events and news for IAS Preparation. Our daily IAS Current Affairs and News cover the most important topics to give precise information to the reader and IAS Aspirants.
- INDIA INNOVATION INDEX 2019
- TB cases see decrease in India
- FATF may keep Pakistan on the grey list
- TULAGI ISLAND
- Randomized controlled trial
- The economic slowdown in the country
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UPSC Exam Current Affairs and News Analysis (18-10-2019)
INDIA INNOVATION INDEX 2019
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III – Economy
In News
- NITI Aayog with Institute for Competitiveness as the information accomplice discharged the India Innovation Index (III) 2019.
- The point is to make an all-encompassing instrument which can be utilized by policymakers the nation over to distinguish the difficulties to be tended to and qualities to expand on when structuring the monetary development arrangements for their districts.
- The Index is determined as the normal of the scores of its two measurements – Enablers and Performance.
- The Enablers are the elements that support imaginative limits, assembled in five columns: (1) Human Capital, (2) Investment, (3) Knowledge Workers, (4) Business Environment, and (5) Safety and Legal Environment.
- The Performance measurement catches benefits that a country gets from the data sources, isolated in two columns: (6) Knowledge Output and (7) Knowledge Diffusion.
- There is by all accounts a west-south and north-east gap the nation over. The main ten significant states are significantly packed in southern and western India.
- Karnataka is the most inventive significant state in India. Karnataka’s main situation in the general positioning is halfway credited to its top position in the Performance measurement.
- Sikkim and Delhi take the top spots among the north-eastern and slope states, and association domains/city-states/little states individually.
TB cases see decrease in India
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains II – Health
In News
- The tuberculosis rate in India has diminished by very nearly 50,000 patients in the course of the last year, as indicated by the WHO – 2019 release of the Global Tuberculosis (TB) report
- The report takes note of that in 2017, India had 27.4 lakh TB patients which boiled down to 26.9 lakh in 2018.
- TB Incidence in India per 1,00,000 populace has diminished from 204 of every 2017 to 199 of every 2018.
- The quantity of patients being tried for rifampicin opposition has expanded from 32% in 2017 to 46% in 2018.
- Nonetheless, the treatment achievement rate has expanded to 81% for new and backslide cases (medicate touchily) in 2017, which was 69% in 2016.
Do you know?
- TB remains the top irresistible executioner on the planet guaranteeing more than 4,000 lives per day
- Nikshay Aushadi Portal is an online application for the administration of Anti-Tuberculosis (TB) Drugs and different items under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP). It is actualized by Union Ministry of Health and Family welfare
FATF may keep Pakistan on the grey list
Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III – Economy
In News
- Pakistan could evade being boycotted by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) however the nation is probably going to be given solid admonitions and put under tension
- Boycotting far-fetched given help of China and Malaysia
- If not minimized, Pakistan is relied upon to be held under ‘critical and supported’ strain to convey on the activity plan by February 2020
- Asia-Pacific gathering doled out a National hazard rating of “medium” to the nation on counter-dread financing and hostile to illegal tax avoidance
- The report by Asia-Pacific gathering says that Pakistan had taken positive activities against these associations “yet UNSCR 1267 isn’t by and large completely executed”
- The Gray posting implies minimizing the nation by multilateral moneylenders like IMF, World Bank, ADB, EU and furthermore a decrease in hazard rating by Moody’s, S&P and Fitch.
About FATF
- It was built up in 1989 to set gauges and advance viable usage of legitimate, administrative and operational measures for battling tax evasion, fear-based oppressor financing and other related dangers to the honesty of the global money related framework.
- The FATF right now contains 37-part wards and 2 provincial associations (the Gulf Cooperation Council or GCC, and the European Commission)
TULAGI ISLAND
Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains I – Geography
In News
- A Chinese organization has consented to an arrangement to rent a whole island in the Solomon Islands.
- Tulagi, an island around two square kilometers with a populace of 1,200, is the site of a previous Japanese maritime base and was the location of savage battling in World War II.
- The island of Tulagi filled in as a South Pacific base camp for Britain and afterward Japan. During the Second World War, its regular deepwater harbor opposite Guadalcanal was pined for by the military.
- The concurrence with state-claimed China Sam Enterprise Group specifies creating exceptional financial zone and a processing plant on the island
- Be that as it may, the island’s port and its potential for double use as a Chinese army installation is sure to raise worries with the United States and Australia.
- As of late, China and the Solomons authoritatively settled political relations after China convinced the ruined Pacific country to disavow Taiwan and become its partner.
(MAINS FOCUS)
ECONOMY
TOPIC: General Studies 3:
- Indian Economy and issues identifying with arranging, assembly of assets, development, advancement, and work.
- Comprehensive development and issues emerging from it.
Randomized controlled trial
Context:
- The 2019 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel has been granted together to Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer “for their test way to deal with lightening worldwide neediness”.
- The three embraced a proof-based way to deal with apply hypothesis to genuine circumstances utilizing randomized preliminaries and surveying the results.
- The exertion was to comprehend the effect of mediations to accomplish attractive results.
Randomized controlled trial
- A randomized controlled preliminary is a sort of logical (regularly medicinal) try that expects to lessen certain wellsprings of inclination when testing the adequacy of new medications;
- This is practiced by haphazardly apportioning subjects to at least two gatherings, treating them in an unexpected way, and afterward contrast them with deference with a deliberate reaction.
- One gathering—the exploratory gathering—has the mediation being surveyed, while the other—typically called the benchmark group—has an elective condition, for example, a fake treatment or no intercession.
- The gatherings are pursued under states of the preliminary plan to perceive how successful the exploratory intercession was.
- Treatment adequacy is evaluated in contrast with the control. There might be more than one treatment gathering or more than one benchmark group.
- Back in the late 1990s, this was not a notable idea, not to mention a broadly rehearsed research strategy. In addition, investigate in financial matters was still to a great extent hypothetical in spite of the fact that the move an increasingly exact way had just begun.
RCTs use the following insight:
- You select two gatherings that are comparative and afterward arbitrarily select one to get the treatment (a medication, or a strategy) being tried and afterward look at the result of this gathering (called the treatment gathering) with that of the other gathering (called the benchmark group).
- On the off chance that the thing that matters is measurably noteworthy, at that point that is credited to the treatment. Utilizing this strategy in financial aspects has modified our perspectives about what arrangements work and what don’t.
Application:
- From testing medications to putting government programs just as those did by NGOs on a randomized premise crosswise over towns, family units, and associations, it takes a significant jump of the creative mind.
- The explanation it got on in scholarly research in financial matters is on the grounds that with more prominent registering force and enormous informational indexes that were accessible, experimental work was in ascendance but then, given the idea of information that is gathered in common reviews, it is difficult to build up the impact of any program on any result in a thorough manner.
- Applied to examine issues at the miniaturized scale level where the usage of an individual program should be possible in a randomized manner that takes into consideration a factually agreeable assessment of the program’s effect.
Criticism:
- RCTs are not achievable, which is regularly the situation with all the more enormous scale full-scale level inquiries, one needs to depend on other, increasingly indirect techniques to defeat the issue of causal surmising.
- Expansive large scale level issues or the more since a long time ago run parts of improvement and institutional change, they are not doable
Contemporary RCTs :
- Another age of RCTs is going past program assessment and asking how people respond to change in costs, contracts, and new data with regards to explicit markets, for example, land or credit.
- For instance, an ongoing RCT offered various terms of sharecropping contracts in a randomized manner to discover the impact of higher yield shares on agrarian efficiency with regards to occupancy. The proof recommended huge efficiency increases, affirming the significance of motivating forces.
Case study:
- ‘Activity Barga’, the occupancy change program did in West Bengal by the Left Front government in the late 1970s and mid-1980s, which moved harvest share up. In that review, there was no chance to get off completely controlling for every single other factor that had changed contemporaneously, for example, engaging panchayats.
- This is a case of how RCTs can be possibly applied to a more extensive arrangement of issues going past program assessment.
Limitations:
- They can build up what works, yet can’t say much regarding what could have worked better or whether it could work in an altogether different condition.
- Arrangement: perceive how they can be joined with hypothetical models to reproduce the impact of elective strategies or what could occur in a totally different condition.
Conclusion:
- This technique presently has gotten one of the fundamental apparatuses utilized in experimental work being developed financial aspects and in related fields. It has additionally prompted a change in perspective being developed arrangement assessment — the World Bank, and numerous administrations and huge NGOs presently demand randomized control techniques in any place possible.
Connecting the dots:
- Regardless of impediments, the utilization of randomized control preliminaries has prompted a change in perspective being developed strategy assessment. Justify
ECONOMY
TOPIC: General Studies 3:
- Indian Economy and issues identifying with arranging, activation of assets, development, advancement, and work.
- Comprehensive development and issues emerging from it.
The economic slowdown in the country
Data:
- Private utilization has contracted and is at an 18-quarter low of 3.1%
- Provincial utilization is in a profound southward plunge and is twofold the pace of the urban log jam
- Credit off-take by miniaturized scale and little businesses stays stale;
- Net fares have demonstrated next to zero development;
- Gross domestic product development is at a six-year low with the main quarter of FY20 enlisting just 5%;
- Joblessness is at a 45-year-high.
- The IMF anticipates that worldwide monetary development should be simply 3% this year, the least since the 2008 worldwide budgetary emergency
Causes:
- The trigger was most likely the exchange log jam. As of late, the WTO additionally demonstrated that world exchange development would be 1.2%, down from 3%. Thus, an iron-deficient or even a level development rate in exchange is pulling down the economy.
- Since this is the period of worldwide incorporation, all economies get influenced.
- The trigger likewise lies in the protectionist propensities of world economies and the U.S.- China exchange war.
- India is likewise influenced by this and other local issues.
- Developing business sector economies began giving a few shortcomings. Brazil and South Africa have just got into the recessionary stage.
- China began backing off in spite of the fact that there are numerous who state it is conscious to diminish the overheating the economy was confronting.
India’s case:
- India is that contrasted with 2008, we are not insusceptible to the worldwide log jam. Truth be told, in 2008 we were becoming quicker. That is the fundamental stress for us.
- As the Indian economy has step by step opened up since 1991, the worldwide financial circumstance has had overflows in India.
- Somewhere in the range of 2003 and 2008, the Indian economy was averaging somewhere in the range of 8% and 9% development. After the breakdown of Lehman Brothers, it boiled down to 6.2%, however, we were strong.
- Non-Banking Financial Companies [NBFC] emergency has influenced the progression of credit to capital products. The interest for capital merchandise is down, as is vehicle deals. Land is in a difficult situation. This has brought about an overflow in the remainder of the economy.
- There is a droop sought after.
- Open speculation is extremely basic.
Criticisms:
- India’s fares have not had the option to keep pace with desires, particularly in the process of giving birth concentrated areas like materials, where Vietnam and Bangladesh have flooded ahead.
Way forward:
- We need to stress over financial improvement, not monetary combination.
- At that point, there ought to be some sort of social spending that influences individuals deprived of a high penchant to expand.
- Any money arriving at the poor will discover its way into the market rapidly.
- Address the disparities as of late.
- Indian industry has developed with the solace of having a huge residential market.
- We have to bump industry to take a gander at worldwide and local markets, particularly for work serious products.
- We have to keep away from the energy about the rupee on the off chance that we are to fortify the local assembling industry.
- Any energy about the rupee encourages more imports and fewer fares, antagonistically influencing residential creation.
Eastern trade:
- The dynamism in world exchange is on the Eastern side. The Western markets are extremely level. There is likewise an ascent in protectionism.
- In such a circumstance, we have to tap the Asian markets. In that unique circumstance, RCEP [Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership] is a significant activity.
- It gives us a likelihood to coordinate the Indian economy and creation with the worth chains in east-Asian nations.
Connecting the dots:
- What would India be able to do to defeat the worldwide lull? Examine.
(TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE)
Model questions: (You can now post your answers in the comment section)
Note:
- Featured Comments and comments Up-voted by whataftercollege are the “correct answers”.
Q.1)Nikshay Aushadi Portal often seen in news is predominantly associated with which of the following area?
- Provision of cheap Generic drugs
- Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program
- Tracking of imports of Active Pharmaceutical ingredients
- None of the above
Q.2)Consider the following statements about the World Health Organisation -2019 edition of the Global Tuberculosis (TB) report
- TB remains the top infectious killer in the world claiming over 4,000 lives a day
- TB Incidence in India per 1,00,000 population has decreased from 204 in 2017 to 199 in 2018.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.3)India Innovation Index is released by which ministry/body?
- Niti Aayog
- Ministry of Commerce
- World Economic Forum
- None of the above
Q.4)Tulagi islands often seen in news is located in which region?
- Mediterranean Sea
- Indian Ocean
- Pacific Ocean
- South China Sea
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