Highlights |UPSC Exam Current Affairs 29-01-2020
UPSC exam current affairs 29-01-2020 The following article contains all the updated events and news for IAS Preparation. Our daily IAS Current Affairs and News cover the most important topics to give precise information to the reader and IAS Aspirants.
- African Cheetah: Supreme Court allows Centre to introduce it in India
- Indian Judiciary’s Evolution
Importance of Current Affairs in IAS Coaching
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UPSC Exam Current Affairs 29-01-2020 are followed in the part below:
UPSC Exam Current Affairs and News Analysis (29-01-2020)
African Cheetah: Supreme Court allows Centre to introduce it in India
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III – Environmental Conservation
In News
- The zenith Court’s choice followed a request recorded by National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) looking for authorization for the presentation of the African cheetah from Namibia as uncommon Indian cheetah is practically terminated in the nation.
- In 2012, the arrangement to present African Cheetahs in Palpur Kuno haven in Madhya Pradesh was slowed down by the Court.
- Cheetah is the quickest land creature. It has been delegated imperilled by the IUCN and recorded under Appendix I of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species).
- It possesses an assortment of generally parched territories like dry timberlands, scours woods, and savannahs.
Ramsar Sites: 10 more wetland in India declared as Ramsar Sites
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Environment Conservation
In News
- The Convention, marked in 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar, is between administrative accord for saving the natural character of wetlands.
- Point of Convention: To build up a worldwide system of wetlands for the preservation of natural decent variety and for continuing human life.
- Wetlands announced as Ramsar locales are ensured under exacting rules.
- Maharashtra gets its first Ramsar site – Nandur Madhameshwar
- Punjab included 3 more – Keshopur-Miani, Beas Conservation Reserve, Nangal
- UP has included 6 more – Nawabganj, Parvati Agra, Saman, Samaspur, Sandi and SarsaiNawar
- With this, India thoroughly has 37 Ramsar Sites.
SIS-DP PROJECT – Space-based Information Support for Decentralised Planning
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Science & Technology
In News
- ISRO had propelled ‘SISDP’ undertaking to help gram panchayats at the grassroots level with fundamental arranging inputs got from satellite information for getting ready formative plans, its execution and checking of exercises.
- National Remote Sensing Center (NRSC), situated in Hyderabad, is the lead focus to execute the venture. NSRC is one of the focuses of ISRO.
- SDP Phase-I anticipate was propelled in 2011 and effectively closed in 2017. The subsequent stage has been begun now.
- The geodatabase, items and administrations arranged under this venture are required to be spread through Bhuvan Geoportal, a simple to utilize Geo entrance created for database representation, information examination and so on to help Gram Panchayat individuals and others.
SPITZER SPACE TELESCOPE
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Space Science & Technology
In News
- It is an infrared space telescope named after cosmologist Lyman Spitzer, who had advanced the idea of room telescopes during the 1940s.
- Propelled by NASA in 2003 and is intended to be resigned on 30 January 2020.
- It is one of the components of NASA’s Great Observatories that incorporate the Hubble Space Telescope and the Chandra X-Ray.
- Utilizing diverse infrared wavelengths, Spitzer had the option to see and uncover highlights of the universe including objects that were too cold to even consider emitting noticeable light.
HCFC-141b – India has achieved its complete phase-out
Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Environmental Conservation
In News
- Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)- 141 b is one of the most strong ozone exhausting concoction after Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- HCFC-141 b is utilized fundamentally as a blowing operator in the generation of unbending polyurethane (PU) froths.
- HCFC-141b isn’t created in the nation and all the residential necessities are met through imports. India halted the issuance of an import permit for HCFC-141b from first Jan 2020, through notice by Environment Ministry
- The total eliminates of HCFC 141 b from the nation in froth segment is among the first at this scale in Article 5 gatherings (creating nations) under the Montreal Protocol.
(MAINS FOCUS)
Indian Polity – Judiciary
Topic: General Studies 2:
- Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary
Indian Judiciary’s Evolution
Context
Constitution of India came into power 70 years prior on 26th Jan 1950 which was a driven political trial including Universal Adult Franchise, Federalism and Social upheaval in profoundly inconsistent Indian Society.
Along these lines, we have to perceive how Supreme Court has deciphered the content over these previous seven decades:
Phase One- Textualist Approach
- In the early years, the Supreme Court concentrated on the plain significance of the words utilized in the Constitution.
- Model: K.Gopalan case (1950) – where Preventive confinement was tested in light of the fact that it disregarded Article 19,21 and 22. The Court held that every one of these articles secured various subjects and were to be perused independently as opposed to being perused together.
- The Court read the Constitution truly, presuming that there were no confinements on Parliament’s capacity to revise the Constitution, particularly major rights.
Phase two – Structuralist Approach
- Bids to the content of the Constitution were steadily surpassed by offers to the Constitution’s general structure and lucidness
- Kesavananda Bharati v. Territory of Kerala(1973), the Court inferred that Parliament’s capacity to revise the Constitution didn’t stretch out to adjusting its “essential structure”
- In Maneka Gandhi v. Association of India(1978), the court dismisses the Gopalan approach and considered the major rights as a durable bill of rights as opposed to a various gathering of established assurances
- The privilege to life was gradually deciphered to incorporate a wide scope of rights, for example, clean air, rapid preliminary, and free legitimate guide.
The shared trait between First and Second Phase: Interpretation of the Constitution were depended to Constitution Benches (containing at least five judges of court) and were painstakingly contemplated. There was restricted extension for precedential perplexity and any interest for reexamination have alluded to bigger Constitution Benches.
Phase Three- Eclecticism
- Incomparable Court’s interpretive way of thinking turned definitely more outcome situated than it had ever been frequently at the expense of intensive rights thinking of the issues.
- This prompted doctrinal confusion with various Benches receiving conflicting interpretive methodologies dependent on their origination of the Court’s job.
- Model: Cases that include significant inquiries of understanding of the Constitution —, for example, the cases concerning the NRC and the constituent bonds plot — are as yet being settled upon by seats of a few judges
This institutional decline was due to two reasons
- Expanded quality of Supreme Court from eight to 31 Judges (as of now 34) which started to sit in boards of a few judges, successfully changing it into a “polyvocal” gathering of around twelve sub-Supreme Courts
- The Court started choosing cases dependent on its very own specific origination job — regardless of whether as a sentinel of majority rule government or defender of the market economy.
Phase four -Purpose
- We are at present amidst changing from the third stage to the fourth.
- Right now, Court has recognized that the reason for which the Constitution has been established gets basic to its interpretive exercise
- The Court is currently starting to decipher the Constitution as per its progressive and transformative potential which was initially expected by our authors.
Way Forward
- With around twelve critical Constitution Bench choices from the Supreme Court since September 2018, there has been a renaissance in basic leadership by Constitution Benches.
- This incorporates the Court’s choices striking down Section 377 and the criminal offence of infidelity and bringing the workplace of the Chief Justice of India inside the extent of RTI
- Incomparable Court should maintain the attention on the reason for which the Constitution was gotten while deciphering the laws/Constitution/official choice and so on.
Connecting the Dots
- Regional Benches of Supreme Court – Will it alter the overall doctrinal approach with regard to the interpretation of Constitution?
(TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE)
Model questions: (You can now post your answers in the comment section)
Q.1) Consider the following statements about Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-141 b
- It is a chemical used by foam manufacturing enterprises and one of the most potent ozone-depleting chemical
- India is one of the leading producer and exporter of this chemical
Which of the above statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.2) Palpur Kuno sanctuary is located in which State/Union Territory of India?
- Maharashtra
- Madhya Pradesh
- Chandigarh
- Puducherry
Q.3) Consider the following statements about the Ramsar Convention
- It is an inter-governmental accord for preserving the ecological character of wetlands
- India got its first Ramsar Site in 2019 through the addition of Chilka Lake under the aegis of the Convention.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.4) Consider the following statements about SIS-DP recently in the news
- It is a project to assist gram panchayats at a grassroots level with basic planning inputs derived from satellite data.
- It is being implemented by NITI Aayog in collaboration with ISRO & NASA.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Q.5) Consider the following statements about Spitzer Space Telescope
- It is a space telescope developed by Russia
- It could see through large amounts of gas using infrared wavelengths to find objects that may otherwise have been invisible to human beings. These included exoplanets, brown dwarfs and cold matter found in the space between stars
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
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